Unit 5 discussion Exploring 1960 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 5 conversation Exploring 1960 - Research Paper Example Harmony, love, and fraternity were the mantra of the American Hippie. The nonconformist development (subculture) cut across pretty much every circle of American life, comprehensive of political, social, and customary convictions. The Hippie development was a wide subculture that altogether changed the texture of American culture and society (Callan, 2006). Somehow or another, Hippies modified the style, music, and way of life of America. The gathering altered people’s recognition on no-no subjects, for example, sex, as it comprehensively saw sex personalities and wants as something to be investigated as opposed to being contained. Neo-Nazism is a general term joining viewpoints, for example, extremist, patriot, racial oppressor, against Semitic convictions, and political propensities looking to restore the Nazi request or build up new request grounded in conventions like those supporting Nazi Germany. The counterculture development has a solid similarity with white patriot and white force skinhead developments (Lewis, 1996). Neo-Nazism is prevalent in patriot far-right gatherings, for example, National Alliance and radicalized forms of protestantism. The development exhibits abhor towards minorities, gays and lesbians and seeks after the foundation of extremist political states. Neo-Nazism counterculture joins politically erroneous belief systems, for example, activist patriotism, homophobia, prejudice, xenophobia, bigotry, and hostile to Semitism. Counterculture alludes to a social gathering whose qualities and standards are in strife with those of the social standard (Gay, 1997). Neo-Nazism is a counterculture since its belief systems, for example, xenophobic patriotism and National Socialism are at chances with the standard social goals, other than the vast majority of its standards are unequivocally banned by constitutions and criminal laws of numerous

Findings Analysis Essay

I have discovered my essential data about the possibility of ‘slim-line kitchen electrical apparatuses ‘ by doing a standard examining, which implied partitioning the populace into different age gatherings and foundations and doing surveys. In my outcomes in source 14, which is my survey, the principal question shows the sexual orientation of the measure of individuals that help fill in the poll. Out of 150 individuals that I addressed just 36.6% were guys and females a more prominent level of 63.6(%). This shows on normal the greater part of the individuals I addressed were females. Source 2 additionally underpins this thought as it expresses that most of individuals living in England are females at 51%. Additionally the subtleties in source 6 show the sex of individuals that buy earthy colored and white merchandise, the bigger rate goes towards the ladies at 54%. Additionally a proof of this explanation that there are a larger number of ladies than men in GB is represented in source 2, it shows that in 2003 there were a greater number of ladies than men-and that I think has expanded during late years since source 2 shows that ladies are at 51% of the populace in UK, at that point source 6 shows ladies are at 54 and source 14 [the questionnaire] shows they are at 63 percent (you can see that in the outline beneath that shows these outcomes), and I anticipate this will raise unquestionably more in a years or so time; which implies in the event that S and S plc was to pick their objective gathering, at that point as I would like to think ladies ought to be focused on for their rate in general as well as concerning the individual that settles on choices about where the kitchen apparatuses go and what ought to be purchased. The second inquiry in the survey pose for the age gatherings of the individual that is filling in the poll; the most generally held answer is the 45-54 age gathering. On a rate out of 150 individuals 48% of the individuals come in that specific age gathering. In spite of the fact that my source 2 says that most of the individuals living in Great Britain are either between the age gathering of 35-44 or over 65, anyway my source is more than 3 years of age, which could have huge effect as identified with new market, however perhaps the region that I was doing the poll in; most of the individuals were somewhere in the range of 45 and 54. The remainder of the survey despite everything underpins what S and S plc is attempting to present. This implies they have now got a thought of what the population’s needs and needs are. S and S plc need to affirm the objective age gathering and afterward plan deal procedures. Inquiry 4 pose to the individuals what papers they read. Out of an assortment of papers the vast majority of the individuals composed their answer as ‘The Daily Telegraph’, 62% out of 150 individuals. This inquiry isn't totally trivial as it is a technique for publicizing for some, organizations including electrical stores, for example, Dixons, Comet and Currys. As per my source 12 a serious huge level of the consumption that a business is prepared to pay for promoting has a place with the press territory/papers. Out of 10 distinctive electrical stores 76% of the cash they spend on publicizing is in the press section. Thusly it would be gainful for S and S plc to place their promotions into the two top specific papers ‘Daily Telegraph’ being the top. Another very high level of the promoting goes into the radio, which is additionally another strategy for S and S plc to accomplish more mindfulness. The following inquiry pose to the individuals what number of individuals live in their family unit, lion's share of the individuals responded to ‘4’ to the inquiry. Out of 150 individuals 30% said ‘4’. Source 4 of my optional information delineates that 13.2% of the individuals out of 25,220 individuals have 4 people living in their family and most of the individuals addressed ‘2 persons’ out of a similar crowd 34.9% to be careful, anyway we realize that my auxiliary data is around 2 years of age which just gives me old information that isn't exact yet as we probably am aware now most of the individuals have 4 people in their family, in light of the fact that as times go on individuals settle on more choices. This implies there are more individuals living in a solitary family unit currently instead of 2 years back, in this manner white merchandise will be vital for them in their every day life dissimilar to single individuals living alone donâ⠂¬â„¢t need as much white products since they won’t use it a great deal. So in the event that S and S plc were to get targets, at that point going for the more colonized houses since they will be a divine being thought and these will be their optimal clients. Inquiry six pose to the individuals what conditions will help them to think about purchasing thin white products to supplant them with the old. The decisions included from ‘new models introduced’, ‘moving house’, ‘changing their kitchens’ and additionally ‘when their old merchandise break down’. Most of the individuals replied as when they move houses, 62.6% out of 150 individuals consented to that. This offers S and S plc the chance to sell their items, in the event that they realize what number of individuals are moving houses on normal they can work out the measure of the kitchen electrical apparatuses that they have to create, this will keep up the offer of the thin line white merchandise as the outcomes in source 5 show the insights that, there are progressively more individuals that either move or subsequently partition move to another home alone. In the event that S and S plc need to support their business they need to promot e it to the individuals that are moving houses [as white merchandise are significant in a family unit, it is just about a necessity]. Source 3 likewise shows that most of the individuals in 1 family unit are 2 people. What's more, as more individuals move into a similar house there is a significantly more noteworthy need of white products, and as certain houses are very confined thin line white merchandise is the best choice with the goal that kind of individuals ought to be focus to the S and S plc. Question seven enquires the individuals to what extent back was the last time that they bought/changed their white great. Most of the individuals addressed this inquiry as most recent 5 years which summarizes to be 48% out of the aggregate of 150 individuals. This shows most of individuals won't spend every now and again on white products as they are possibly supplanted when they are harmed or a lot outdated, this is essentially in light of the fact that that the individuals are as of now used to the way that that specific white acts of kindness. Additionally another explanation behind individuals not to change their white merchandise bought in most recent 5 years is that the white products innovation hasn’t changed much over the most recent 5 years so no motivation to change their white products, yet as source 8 of my crude data shows that there is an expanding request of new innovation hence deal for the thin line white merchandise will deliver benefit to S and S plc as the â€Å"savvy consumers† is the prime driver of the market. The pie graph in a similar source uncovers that the second most noteworthy level of buyers spending on electricals has a place with the family unit apparatuses this is a 23% of the use. Inquiry eight pose to the individuals where they buy their kitchen apparatuses; the candidates were given four decisions out of which 3 were pro retailers and one non-authority. Anyway you would expect a master, for example, Curry or Dixon’s to control this kind of market, however most of the people’s answer was ‘other authority retailer’ as these two retailers I referenced are not specialists and don't sell all brands that the individuals may be searching for. A few people have had great encounters with certain brands that they wish to keep with. I anticipated most of the offers ought to be claimed by Dixon’s; this is likewise what my sources show to be specific source 11; it shows that most of the offers in the market had a place with these retailers in 2004. Source 9 of my crude data expresses that non-authority, for example, ASDA and Tesco have an increasingly steady item offering which is a stage past WIGIG [when its gone its gone offer] that pro retailers use as their deal systems. These non-authorities sell assortments of brands and requiring little to no effort as well, accordingly expanding their deals. Source 9 additionally shows the insights in the electrical retail advertise this has caused. It has pulled in clients from different markets, for example, PC and Audio-Visual markets since individuals would prefer to purchase something very similar less expensive. This implies S and S plc ought to likewise increment and extend the assortment of electrical products the sell and don't really need to be an authorit y retailer for white/thin line merchandise. This will expand their deals and give them a higher notoriety in the electrical retail showcase. The ninth inquiry in the survey enquires if changes in the conditions were to happen; [including those referenced being referred to six], would they consider purchasing for example supplanting them with thin line adaptations of the merchandise. Most of the individuals out of 150 addressed â€Å"Yes†, this closed to 86% the rest 14% addressed â€Å"No†. Individuals don’t discover the inclination to supplant their current electrical machines as snappy as some other thing in the family, this is on the grounds that these can be shared and it is possibly going to be a waste on the off chance that you utilized it once and, at that point discard it particularly when it costs a great deal. So as found being referred to 6, a great many people will possibly supplant their kitchen electrical merchandise when they move house. Slim line machines in kitchen is new such a large number of individuals won't be excessively alright with utilizing these, accordingly deals for these won't increment not long after the advancement. As indicated by the outcomes I for this inquiry it would appear that a significant high level of individuals need to give it a shot and have a dream of what they will be the point at which they get them, since they realize this will spare space in their home regardless of what the measure of individuals in the family. There are various reasons why individuals would need to buy thin line kitchen electrical merchandise. One that I believe is unique in relation to some other is effectiveness of the products. In the event that it sets aside the clients cash, they w

Skipping a Bill Payment This Month Think Again

Skipping a  Bill Payment  This Month Think Again Skipping a  Bill Payment  This Month? Think Again Skipping a  Bill Payment  This Month? Think AgainOne negative mark or past due bill payment on your credit report can take years to repair.If you’re juggling bills come the end of the month (or the beginning), it can be tempting to let one of them slip on by. Sure, you’ll pay a  late fee. But that’s a price you may be happy and willing to pay!  Unfortunately, skipping a  bill payment   or making a  late payment  can result in a much heftier price tag than initially meets the eye..Here’s the truth: While there are a  number of actions that can tank your credit score, one  late payment  on your  credit report  could end up impacting your  credit score  for years to come. Unfortunately,when it comes to  credit scores, the effects of negative behavior far outweigh the effects of good behavior â€" and that damage can take quite a long time to fix.How do  credit scores  work?Credit scores  are like a letter grade for your trustworthiness as a borrower. They are based on the inform ation contained in your  credit reports, which track your history as a credit user  during a seven-year-time period. You have three different  credit reports, one each from the three  major  credit  bureaus: Experian, TransUnion, and Equifax.The original  credit score  â€" the  FICO  score â€" was created by Fair, Isaac and Company and  debuted in 1989.  FICO  scores are based on a scale from 300 to 850. The  higher your  FICO  score, the better your credit. While there are other competitors â€" notably  VantageScore  â€"  FICO  scores are still the most commonly used type of  credit score  out there.While the exact formula for creating  FICO  scores is a closely-guarded secret â€" and evolves over time â€" the general scoring system goes like this:Payment history  (35%): Paying your bills on time is important. In fact, your  payment history  is the single most important factor in your score.Amounts owed (30%): The more debt you owe â€" especially  unsecured consumer debt  â€" the m ore likely that you will have trouble making all your payments.Length of credit history (15%): The longer you’ve been responsibly using credit, the better.Credit mix (10%): The more diverse your mix â€" personal loans versus  credit cards  versus auto loans versus  student loans, etc. â€" the better.Recent credit inquiries (10%): Requests for additional credit resulting in hard credit pulls, can be a sign that’s something amiss â€" especially if there are many requests in a shorter period of time.Your  credit reports  contain a ton of different information drawn from lenders,  landlords, some  utility companies, and even from the public record. Some of that information can help your score, while other information can hurt it. But even if you have a ton of “good” marks on your credit, a few  â€œbad” marks can hurt your credit  for years to come.Negative credit info positive credit info“Your  credit score  is affected by a variety of factors both positive and negative,” explained CPA Logan Allec, owner of  personal finance  site  Money Done Right. “A positive factor would be an open  credit card  that is actively used and always paid off on time. A negative factor would be a  credit card  that has a missed payment.”Unfortunately, a negative factor can have a longer lasting impact that a positive factor, he says.If that doesn’t seem fair, well, it helps to examine things from the opposite perspective.One way to think about the impact of a negative factor is to recognize the purpose of a credit score. “At its core,” Allec said, “a credit score is designed to show banks and lending institutions whether or not you are likely to pay your debts.Your credit history is sort of like your driving record. A single mistake can easily outweigh years of impeccable  behavior. e. Paying your bills on time, making all of your  monthly payments, and monitoring your debt loads can take some diligence â€"  true â€" but that diligence is exactly the kind of behavior that traditional lenders are looking for in potential customers.How long before your  credit  score  recovers?“Unfortunately, even though a  credit score  can be hit by a simple missed payment, it can take significant time to raise your  credit score  as you demonstrate your creditworthiness,” Allec said.And “significant time” doesn’t mean a matter of months. It means years. Smaller negative marks like a new credit inquiry or two will stop affecting your score within a year (at most), but more serious bad marks like bankruptcies could affect your score for well more than half a decade. In fact, bankruptcies stay on your report longer than most information: 10 years!Still, there are no easy fixes to improve a  bad  credit  score, although there are  some programs  and services out there that may be able to help. However, consistently paying your bills on time is the best way.“The key tip for increasing your  credit score  is to never miss a payment,” Allec said. “Some practical tips to make sure you never miss a payment are to set calendar alerts on your phone to remind yourself to pay off your card every month or set up automatic card payments if your bank allows it.”As you continue to make your payments on time and reduce your debt loads â€" ideally to zero, but below 30% of your open credit limits will do just fine â€" the effects of negative marks will start to fade and the amount of positive information on your account will increase.But before you decide to miss your  due date  or skip out on one of your bills altogether this month, take a second to think through the long term consequences. By opting to not pay that bill now, you could end up paying way more in  higher  interest  rates  and fees in the years to come.ContributorsLogan Allec is a CPA and owner of the personal finance website Money Done Right. After spending his twenties grinding it out in the corporate world and paying off more than $35,000 in student loans, he dropped everything, and in 2017, launched Money Done Right. His mission is to help everybody â€" from college students to retirees â€" make, save, and invest more money. He resides in the Los Angeles area with his wife Caroline. Follow him on Twitter @moneydoneright.

Municipal Drinking Water The Natural Resources Defense...

Municipal Drinking Water in the U.S In the United States we often take our tap water for granted and we seriously shouldn’t. In 2001 a study called What’s on Tap? was released by the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) , a carefully researched, well-documented, and peer-reviewed study of 19 U.S cities. Alarming results found that pollution and deteriorating out-of-date plumbing are sometimes delivering unsafe drinking water to the population. Many U.S cities depend on water delivery systems and treatment technology that were the same used before the First World War. Aging pipes are old and can easily break, leaching contaminants into the water supply and can become a breeding ground for a wide variety of bacteria. While a water treatment before WWI pretty efficiently filtered out the particles in the water and killed some parasites and bacteria, these systems generally tend to fail to remove 21st century contaminants like industrial chemicals, pesticides, even arse nic.1 Although municipal water can contain a vast array of contaminants, several continued to repeatedly show up in water of the cities studied. Among the most frequently found contaminants were Arsenic, mentioned earlier, and other toxic chemicals such as radon, the rocket fuel perchlorate and other carcinogens, which may cause skin problems, birth defects, reproductive problems and even cancer. High Volumes of Lead were found, which enters the drinking water supplies from the corrosion of old pipes andShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Downside of Bottled Water1836 Words   |  8 PagesChoosing to drink bottled water over soda or juice is widely known to be a great choice for your health. 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The solid material that remains after the treatment of wastewater is known as sludge (charac, cornell). Sludge can be employed in many different ways, it can be used as a soil additive or growing medium, sent to a composting facility, incinerated or landfilled (Char, corn ell). Biosolids are derived

Analysis Of Robert Frost s White - 919 Words

In 1922, Robert Frost wrote the poem â€Å"In White.† Frost then revised this poem fourteen years later and published it under the title â€Å"Design.† On the surface, the speaker in the poem describes a situation in which a spider has killed a moth on a heal-all flower. But, as the layers are peeled back, there arises a conflict between the speaker and him/herself. The internal conflict stems from the world’s design or lack thereof. Frost takes a simple thought on design and makes the reader question life and the nature of creation through a random, haphazard occurrence of a spider, a moth, and a flower. To start the poem, the speaker stumbles upon a â€Å"fat and white† spider â€Å"on a white heal-all, holding up a moth† (1-2). This doesn’t tell the full story, but it does show the reader that there is a random occurrence between a spider, a moth, and a flower. As shown in the legend, a heal-all flower is usually blue but in this case it i s white. The spider, which is generally dark-colored, is white as well. And the moth that is in the spider’s hands is â€Å"like a white piece of rigid satin cloth†. (3) A rigid, satin cloth symbolizes a coffin which shows that the moth in the spider’s arms is dead. After the first three lines there are two conclusions to be made: (1) There is a random occurrence of a rare, white spider climbing on a rare, white heal-all flower; (2) The spider represents darkness and evil. It is using the flower as camouflage to kill the moth. Finally, showing the charactersShow MoreRelatedEssay on Hardships in Birches by Robert Frost1013 Words   |  5 PagesHardships in Birches by Robert Frost In any life, one must endure hardship to enjoy the good times. According to Robert Frost, the author of Birches, enduring lifes hardships can be made easier by finding a sane balance between ones imagination and reality. 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Lilian Kim Global II Free Essays

Throughout the course of written history, people have made great changes that have made the society, government, and traditions what they are today. Even before written history, some individual made huge a revolution in the world by creating a writing system. People try hard to change and mold the world and many have come out positively, and others negatively. We will write a custom essay sample on Lilian Kim Global II or any similar topic only for you Order Now A great time of change and revolution in history is the Enlightenment and the Scientific Revolution. Some people who have had a great impact during this time were the Scientists Copernicus and Galileo, and the philosopher Locke. Before Copernicus’s time people had agreed with Ptolemy’s Geocentric Theory, that the Earth was the center of the universe and the sun and everything else revolved around the earth. This also went with the church’s teachings and the church was basically the law in that time, so they influenced and stressed that idea, and most people agreed and believed it. However Copernicus went against the church, the people, and the accepted law and said that the sun was the center of the universe and not the earth. He declared that the Sun was a solitary object while all the other planets including the earth rotated around the sun, called the Heliocentric Theory. This caused turmoil and confusion within the people with some still believing the old law and others siding with Copernicus. If Copernicus did not have the courage to stand out and speak against the church then who knows when we would’ve figured that out. Another scientist backing the Heliocentric Theory was Galileo, probably one of the most famous scientists of this time period, and was also a heretic. Not only did he help prove that the Theory was true, he also proved all of Aristotle’s ancient theories wrong. The church had been teaching and believing these century old teachings Aristotle had made and it had been the law for decades. Yet Galileo came and proved every single theory wrong thus angering the church and he was taken to inquisition by the church and took back all that he said for his life, which was a little negative, but the fact that he had said it so people would know was good because then the people would know and more people would finish the studies that he started. A great philosopher of this time was Locke. He declared many things that still affect many nations today. He came up with three natural rights that he said were, life, liberty, and property. In the Declaration of Independence of the United States of America, there are three rights that are unable to be taken away from you, which are, life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Although the one of the rights were changed, Locke’s Philosophy still influenced it. Another nation that has taken his philosophies into account is France. However in their declaration, the rights are life, liberty, and resistance to oppression. He also stated that if the government takes one or more of these rights away from anyone, the people should rebel and abolish the unjust rulers /government, and create a new system that will preserve those rights. He also wrote two treatises on government in 1690. His ideas have affected the world’s greatest nations and those nations have prospered during the time after him. These people, the scientists Copernicus and Galileo, and the philosopher Locke have made a huge impact on the world and what it has become today. Though these three had most positive effects, some great people did not have that result. Thanks to these three great men, the world is a more knowledgeable and prospering place to live. How to cite Lilian Kim Global II, Papers

Hip hop race free essay sample

In HIP Hop It is a common belief that hip hop has served as the medium for healing racial tension in the 21st century. Although the hip hop industry has seen a subtle wave of successful white American rappers over the past couple of decades, this is not enough to suggest a racial merge in the predominately black American world of hip hop. White Americans are not typically welcomed into the hip hop community.The few white American rappers that have made It big in the hip hop industry must be dewed as exceptions to the Idea that the rap community Is solely interested In the creative narratives of African Americans. Over the past few decades, Its very clear that the stereotypical hip hop artist Is an African American male who speaks about violence and how he went threw the struggles of growing up in a poor community. But that does not always have to be the case. We will write a custom essay sample on Hip hop race or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, Mine is a white rapper from the trailer park homes of Detroit.Although he is not African American, he still used his pain of growing up in a lower class community with a very poor relationship with his single parent mother. The rap industry is a primarily black American industry. There is no law that says white rappers are prohibited in our society, but generally speaking; the rap industry is powered by black American individuals. The rap industry has grown so tremendously over the passed years that this one time primarily one time predominately black American ran industry has now expanded. The industry Is now global and world wide, with artists touring In all different cycles and countries.Now that the Industry Is globalize, there are many other races and ethic groups showing interest into this industry of hip hop and rap music. This day in age there are many more white Americans as well as other races that are trying to make it and make a name for themselves in this high powered hip hop industry. Radio listeners , research The hip hop industry Is like any other industry; if it is predominately ran by one kind of person, that individual may not want any other people such as those of a different race or gender or ethic group to try and be a success in that i ndustry.As another example we can compare hip hop to politics. Politics back in the day were ran by all white American males, and now we have women running politicians and even a black president. There are many people who are unhappy about the president being black. The same goes on in hip hop; the black Americans in the Industry and the fans of the Industry and hip hop music, may not want to see a successful white rapper in an industry where most of the success is obtained by black Americans.

Individual Assignment Eating free essay sample

Substance Abuse, Slenderer/Sexual, and Personality Disorders Paper Psychology General Psychology Week One History and Overview of Abnormal Psychology Individual Assignment: Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you examine the field of abnormal psychology. Address the following items: Briefly examine the origins of abnormal psychology. Include challenges to defining and classifying normal and abnormal behavior.Provide a brief overview of how abnormal psychology has evolved into a scientific discipline. Briefly analyze the psychosocial, biological/medical, and coloratura theoretical models related to the development of abnormal psychology. Format your paper according to PAP standards. Discussion Questions: As discussed in your Week One readings, abnormal behavior cannot be defined without considering the continuum between normality and abnormality. However, it is difficult to draw the line between what is normal and what is abnormal.One of the hinges that blur the line is the media. How has television, including reality television shows, sitcoms, dramatic presentations, and news reporting, impacted our concept of normalcy? As discussed In your Week One readings, one of the Important concepts In abnormal psychology Is the adolescently between normal and abnormal. We will write a custom essay sample on Individual Assignment Eating or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To further explore this concept, I would Like for each of you to Identify at least five well-known Individuals In and five that you consider abnormal. In your response, be sure to explain why you classified each individual as normal or abnormal.How do you define normal and abnormal behavior? What factors info To download this material Click this link HTTPS://bitty. Com/l wassail If you are having issues with studying, you may want to think about finding someone to study with. Ask a classmate or friend taking the same course to come over and study. You will be able to better stay focused this way. Plus, you can help each other out with information you do not understand. Psychology General Psychology Prepare a 700- to 1 ,050-word paper in which you examine the field of abnormalAs discussed in your Week One readings, one of the important concepts in abnormal psychology is the distinction between normal and abnormal. To further explore this government, religion, entertainment, and/or sports that you consider to be normal How do you define normal and abnormal behavior? What factors influence your definition? Why? Week Two Anxiety, Mood/Affective, Dissociate, and Comparators Disorders Individual Assignment: Anxiety, Mood/Affective, Dissociate, and Comparators Matrix and Paper car

Laws for Americans Taking Guns Into Canada

Laws for Americans Taking Guns Into Canada Americans taking guns into Canada or transporting guns through Canada  need to know that the Canadian government has- and strictly enforces- zero-tolerance  gun control laws that must be followed by U.S. citizens taking firearms into Canada. Most problems arise from Americans simply forgetting they have a handgun with them when crossing the border. This happens most often to Americans from states which allow their citizens to carry concealed weapons. Failure to declare any firearm will result in the confiscation and probably the destruction of the weapon. A fine will be assessed and jail is a possibility. In general, Americans are allowed to bring up to three allowed guns into Canada as long as the proper forms are filled out and fees paid. Guns must be declared at the border crossing. Even when guns are declared and the proper forms are completed, Canadian border service officers require travelers to prove they have a valid reason for bringing a firearm into the nation. In addition, the border officers will check to ensure that all firearms are safely stored for transportation and that the guns actually being transported match those described in the declaration documents. Minimum Age Only people age 18 years or older are allowed to bring firearms into Canada. While persons younger than 18 may use a firearm in Canada under certain circumstances, an adult must be present and will be held legally responsible for the firearm and its use. The Canadian Non-Resident Firearms Declaration U.S. citizens bringing firearms into Canada, or taking firearms through Canada to Alaska are required to fill out a Non-Resident Firearms Declaration (Form CAFC 909 EF). The form must be presented in triplicate, unsigned, to a Canadian customs officer at the travelers first point of entry into Canada. Remember, the customs officer must witness the signature, so do not sign the form beforehand. Persons bringing more than three firearms into Canada will also need to complete a Non-Resident Firearm Declaration Continuation Sheet (form RCMP 5590). Once it has been approved by the Canadian customs officer, the Non-Resident Firearms Declaration is valid for 60 days. The confirmed form acts as a license for the owner and as a temporary registration certificate for the firearms brought to Canada. The declaration can be renewed for free, providing it is renewed before it expires, by contacting the Chief Firearms Officer (CFO) (call 1-800-731-4000) of the relevant Canadian province or territory. A confirmed Non-Resident Firearms Declaration costs a flat fee of $25, regardless of the number of firearms listed on it. It is valid only for the person who signs it and only for those firearms listed on the declaration. Once the Non-Resident Firearms Declaration has been approved by the CBSA customs officer, the declaration acts as a license for the owner and it is valid for 60 days. For visits longer than 60 days, declarations can be renewed for free, providing they are renewed before they expire, by contacting the Chief Firearms Officer of the relevant province or territory. Persons bringing firearms into Canada must also comply with Canadian Storage, Display, Transportation and Handling of Firearms regulations. The Canadian customs officer at the point of entry can inform firearms owners of these regulations. Firearms Allowed, Restricted, and Prohibited Approval of the Non-Resident Firearms Declaration allows only standard rifles and shotguns commonly used for hunting and target shooting to be transported into or through Canada. Handguns with at least 4-inch barrels are considered restricted firearms and are allowed in Canada, but require the completion an approval of an Application for an Authorization to Transport Restricted Firearms. This Non-Resident Firearm Declaration costs $50 Canadian. Handguns with barrels shorter than 4-inches, fully automatic, converted automatics, and assault-type weapons are prohibited and not allowed in Canada. In addition, certain knives, even those used for hunting and fishing, may be considered prohibited weapons by Canadian officials. Other Things You Need to Know In all cases, travelers must declare to Canadian Customs authorities any firearms and weapons in their possession when entering Canada. There are often facilities near border crossings where weapons may be stored, pending the travelers return to the United States, but this should be done before attempting to enter Canada. Canadian law requires that officials seize firearms and weapons from persons crossing the border who deny having them in their possession. Seized firearms and weapons are never returned. By far the easiest way to transport firearms is to have them crated and shipped to your destination via a commercial carrier.

Research and Evaluation in Social Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Research and Evaluation in Social Work - Essay Example Further, being able to inform policy by way of their study would increase the researcher's credibility, and make it more likely for the universities and health centres in which they work to have access to funding, as graduate students would be able to work on research projects, and government and private institutions could contract the researchers for more studies. The researchers appear to have designed an objective study in that; a thorough and up-to-date literature review was presented that identified current gaps in knowledge; a cross-sectional survey allowed for sampling of the diversity of organizations providing services to older people; snowball sampling allowed for access to organisations that may have been otherwise neglected, because of their size or their lack of exposure; a selection criteria provides a set of parameters that characterize the sample for future study comparisons; conclusions were drawn based on the data collected from the survey; and the final thesis was submitted for peer-review to be able to be published in a reputable journal. Overall, it was an empirical study, designed and carried out in a systematic manner, with evidence-based conclusion drawn. The Abstract succinctly and parsimoniously reported the main points of the research, summarizing the goal of the project, identifying the population, noting the research methods used, and mentioning the conclusions and implications. However, the abstract did not state the hypothesis of the study and whether it was supported or not. The rationale of the study was clear in its statement: A wide range of community based services and activities have evolved to combat the 'negative' experiences of social isolation and loneliness in later life. The appropriateness and accessibility of most interventions intended to alleviate social isolation and loneliness among older people, however, have remained unclear (p. 150). Also, the research questions were presented in dot point format, which made most of them clear and to the point. However, one goal, 'Explore the involvement of older people in the planning process,' was ambiguous in that it did not state clearly that the exploration would not make use of older person opinions, only those of the organisations servicing older people. All of the research questions were worthy of being answered, as availability of, and access to, social orientated activities is essential to the mental and physical health of older people. However, given that older people were not included in the sample, as a comparison group, it is questionable whether all of the research questions were comprehensively answered.The literature review was adequate in that it included up-to-date research for the UK, and identified gaps in knowledge. The theories drawn on also raised some interesting points, such as many older people do not perceive themselves to be lonely (c.f., Townsend, 1 957; Tornstam, 1995; Victor et al. 2005), despite continuous evidence that experiences of loneliness increase with age (authors,). The relationship between aging and loneliness has been suggested to be the result of changes in living circumstances, such as the loss of a partner, or moving to a nursing home, and changes to subjective health (c.f., Tijhuis et al. 1999). It appears that more research into social support could be the

Andrew Ryan at VC Brakes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Andrew Ryan at VC Brakes - Assignment Example The dictatorial tendencies, poor rapport in the various levels of management and mistrust from the workforce constitute the confounding issues the faces the implementations of the total management program. The paper utilizes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats as a management tool in order to analyze the case study effectively VC Brakes faced numerous issues emanating from its autocratic culture that dominated the firm’s operations (Cespedes and Yong, 2013, Pg. 2). In addition, VC Brakes had a reputation of poor top- down managerial skills and lack of trust from the production to the professional workforce who felt that the firm was unresponsive to their queries. The introduction of total quality management program by Crossroads Corporation was intended to improve the product quality, management practices and more so, to develop a consistent operational strategy that would be utilized across all sectors in the various subsidiaries found under VC Brakes.Questio n 1The major situation that faced Ryan involved the implementation of total quality management program that would raise the ailing quality productivity at VC Brakes. The autocratic culture evident in VC Brakes is depicted in various situations in the case study of instance, the emphatic condensation of the training sessions. (Cespedes and Yong, 2013, Pg. 6).   The notion would have amassed numerous achievements if it had gone through the initially specified time since it could have provided ample time.

Case Study On Federalism The Murray Darling Basin Politics Essay

Case Study On Federalism The Murray Darling Basin Politics Essay The long-term issues surrounding the Murray Darling Basin provide an excellent case study with which to review federalism in Australia. This paper will explore the history of the Murray Darling Basin management, the relationships it has fostered and examine why success has been achieved where other national issues have failed. Federalism in Australia To provide context for this case study it is useful to define and summarise federalism and how it has shaped modern Australia. Generally, federalism is the name given to a type of government that unites different political bodies or regions within a single national system whilst providing each its independence. In 1901 Australia created the Federal Parliament giving six states independence but also providing the Federal Government key national powers. Australian federalism can be broken down in a number of ways: The structure of the Senate. The chamber comprises of an equal number of senators from each State. Hence, Tasmania and New South Wales have the same number of Senators even though the populations vary enormously. The role of the senate is to approve legislation sought from the House of Representatives. The division of powers. The Australian Constitution of 1901 established the Commonwealth of Australia which vested legislative power in a Federal Parliament. The Constitution provides for a wide range of responsibilities for the Federal Government which are detailed in Section 51. Those powers not detailed in Section 51 are known as residual powers as they are the responsibility of the States. The term division of powers lies at the heart of federalism and describes the division of responsibilities and power between state and the Commonwealth. In reality there are huge crossovers between the two layers of Government. Competition between these two layers of Government is a formative element to the history of Australia and the federation. Individual State Constitutions. Every State has a defined local constitution and maintains its own Government managed by a Parliament. The Parliament may take any form afforded by the states constitution. Fiscal arrangements. From the very outset the Australian federation was characterised by fiscal imbalance which has worsened overtime (Griffiths and Saunders 2002). Vertical fiscal imbalance (VFI) describes when central governments collect more revenue than regional governments, with Australia having among the highest VFI of any federal nation in the world (Warren 2006 pxxi). The introduction of Special Purpose Payments (SPPs) in 1923 along with the Uniform Tax Case (1942) moved the Commonwealth to a strong centralist position, way beyond that described in the Constitution. VFI has generally brought about detrimental changes to the federation. Overtime VFI has led to a decrease in accountability and increased layers of administration. Further it has led to a dependency by smaller states for core funding creating irresponsibility and inefficiencies (Walsh 2005). The original framers of the Constitution would be pleased to see that federalism has allowed for: competition; regionalisation of policies; innovation; experimentation; choice and diversity (Twomey and Withers 2007). Federalism is at the heart of Australias resilience and vigour. However, in the years since the inception of the Australian Constitution in 1901, small but fundamental policy and legislative changes have altered the style of the federation. Overtime a federal system has developed that does not reflect current world realities or the changing dynamics of a modern society. It is often argued that the model has never adequately defined roles or responsibilities, that duplication and inefficiencies are inherent and that historic fiscal arrangements are damaging (Wilkins 2004). The Murray Darling Basin Management of the Murray Darling Basin (MDB) highlights how federalism can work over extended timescales and provides the first example of cooperative federalism in Australia. Discussions surrounding the MDB are far from new with the birth of federalism in Australia emerging in part due to disputes associated with the water catchment area. A 1902 Royal Commission notes: The Murray and its tributaries must be looked at as one. An administrative and technical response is needed for jurisdictional disputations, environmental challenges and economic opportunities within a maturing Federal system Corowa Water Conference and Interstate Royal Commission 1902 The large scale of the MDB is surprising in terms of geography, financial contribution to the economy and importance to water resource development. The MDB catchment area covers over one million square kilometres and accounts for 14% of the Australian landmass, an area larger than France and Spain combined: Source ABS 2008 The basin is of crucial importance not only to the region but to the entire nation as it accounts for around $4.8 billion or 39% of Australias total agricultural output. The importance of food production encompassed by the MDB is broken down at the highest level as follows: Agricultural Crop / Livestock Percentage of Total Australian Production Cereals 53% Oranges 95% Apples 54% Cattle 24% Sheep 45% Pigs 62% Source ABS 2008 Further the MDB is the major source of water for Adelaide and northern Spencer Gulf cities in addition to settlements along the rivers and in the watersheds that feed them (Hawke Research Unit 2008). Water irrigated from the MDB accounts for approximately 75% of all the water irrigated in Australia. As water has long played a crucial role in the formation of white Australia, there are many dates and events  through which inter-governmental management of the MDB evolved: Date Event 1855 NSW passed their Constitution Act 1855 which gave the state possession of River Murray waters from the Rivers headwater to the SA border. 1855 -1898 Political wrangles leading to conferences of the Colonies (1857 and 1863). Three separate Royal Commissions in VIC, NSW and SA. Corowa Conference on Trade beginnings of Federation and agreements on river management. Water management entwined with Federation. 1902 Corowa Community Conference sees local groups take over the debate. 1915 Establishment of the River Murray Waters Agreement. NSW and Vic agreed to limit their Constitutional powers to manage the waters of the River Murray as they saw fit, and to provide SA with a share of those resources.   The Commonwealth Government played a strong facilitation role in reaching this agreement. 1916 -1980 Collaboration between NSW, Vic, SA and the Commonwealth sees the construction of three major water storages and 16 weirs. The current value of these assets is around $2 billion. 1982 The first Murray-Darling Basin Agreement reached between four governments. 1986 Appointment of Murray-Darling Basin Ministerial Council 1988 Establishment of the Murray Darling Basin Commission 1993 Enactment of the Murray Darling Basin Act 1993 1995 Cap on water restrictions ratified by all members of Murray-Darling Basin Agreement 2003 Council of Australian Governments (COAG) noted a $500 million fund over five years to restore the health of the River Murray. 2006 Additional $500 million announced to support MDB regeneration. The Commonwealth flagged its intention to take a lead role in management of the MDB. 2007 Enactment of the Water Act 2007 and establishment of the Murray Darling Basin Authority. A further $10 billion investment promised by Commonwealth 2008 Agreement on Murray-Darling Basin Reform signed by all Basin States and the Commonwealth Government Changes to the Water Act 2007 transferred power to the Murray Darling Basin Authority 2010 Release of the Guide to the Proposed Murray-Darling Basin Plan. Concerns from farmers and communities lead to a 12 month delay of the final release. Within the last 20 years the basin has been under enormous stress as a result of over-allocation, prolonged drought, natural climate variability and climate change. A lack of water has played havoc with rivers, wetlands, forests and floodplains with blame resting with State governments for allowing too much water to be taken out of the system. The Long Road to Cooperative Federalism The success of the MDB management is surprising given the resource joins four States, a territory government, a federal government and hundreds of water catchment boards and local governments. The majority of serious issues in managing the system have always reached resolution and as a showcase for water resource management the MDB is highly regarded internationally. So how has the MDB become a showcase for cooperative federalism and avoided stagnation with other national issues? One important reason for the success in the MDB lies in the types of relationships fostered through communities, local governments, states and the Commonwealth. The prevailing characteristics of Australian federalism are of rivalry and coercion leading to undesirable behaviour by governments (Walsh 2005). However management of the MDB has produced major reform across all levels of government resulting in a greater good approach by stakeholders. There are few examples since 1901 where a unified approach to a national issue, not enforceable by a Commonwealth government, has been so resolutely enacted with such cross-border respect. The strong identity invested by individuals, bureaucrats and politicians alike meant the evolution of a sense of bioregionalism and identification with the Murray-Darling Basin could develop over time (Powell 1993). Further, from 1916-1980 Vic, NSW, SA and the Commonwealth worked together in a fair and equitable way on the construction of major water infrastructure.    Facing considerable challenges and significant disputes  the 1982 River Murray Waters Agreement became the forerunner of the Murray Darling Basin Initiative and is sighted as the very first example of cooperative federalism (Freebairn 2005). The success of the River Murray Waters Agreement was due to the clarity of roles and responsibilities across three levels of government. As Australia still wrestles with its model of federalism and searches for a new and meaningful style of government (Twoomey and Withers 2007) the MDB is an excellent example of where cross border activities and regional priorities have been unified through a common approach. Facilitating the move towards cooperative federalism have been the fiscal arrangements surrounding the MDB. The Commonwealth, without having Constitutional control but plenty of cash, has incentivised reform via payments on performance. For example the introduction of the National Competition Policy in 1995 allowed a series of tranche payments to motivate States in achieving key water reform goals. In 2004, the National Water Initiative was introduced to overcome property rights issues, resulting in an agreed public-private cost-sharing arrangement if environmental flows were to be increased (Freebairn 2005). Investment by the Commonwealth has been substantial and, as Freebairn notes, is considered the glue holding together MDB reforms. Where national reforms to housing, education and health languish due to arguments on horizontal fiscal equalisation the MDB has neatly sidestepped such issues. It is reasonable to suggest that the fiscal arrangements have been the keystone in all refo rms to the MDB and that the cooperative nature of arrangements have been underpinned by the direct and indirect cash injections by the Commonwealth. The substantial public investment made from 1990-1996 also incurred criticism. Throughout this period there was limited empirical evidence of real improvements to the MDB system. The feel good perception of the general public may well have been misplaced in relation to tangible on the ground achievements (Ancev and Vervoort 2007). However data does not sell newspapers or create political careers. The high level political messages issued at the time brushed over realities and allowed for continued poor policy setting. It is interesting to note that during this period all parties remained committed to flawed policies which later exacerbated problems within the MDB. The success of MDB management is also attributed to the centralist strategy encapsulated in the Murray-Darling Basin Agreement. The Agreement of 1988 can be understood in light of the effective management of what is an enormously complex and pressing issue. The Commonwealth in this context acted as the broker between State interests, operating outside of particular jurisdictional claims and difficulties. It was a clever, pragmatic and subtle role, one which the original writers of the Constitution would have imagined the Commonwealth playing more frequently. Combined with the financial contributions previously described, the Commonwealth have been able to lead from behind and manoeuvre local and regional issues within a national context. A Trickle Becomes a River The role of the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) in assisting reform is not to be underestimated. Whilst COAG has been underutilised by some Governments, its ability to decide on matters of national importance has been crucial in advancing management of the MDB. For example the COAG endorsed reforms for water allocations and cross boarder trading provided clear direction and set deadlines for action that no single state could command. In addition the Water Management Partnerships agreed by COAG in 2008 provided national agreement at a crucial time in the basins history, with long-term drought reducing flows to their lowest levels on record. It was a critical time for leadership and decision making and one in which COAG was able to fully exercise its role and responsibility. The swearing in of the Labour Government of 2007 bought with it a wave of cooperative federalism supported by a political alignment of all States and Commonwealth for the first time since 1969. Almost immediately progress was made on revolutionising MDB management with a cash injection of $10bn and the creation of Murray Darling Basin Authority. The Authority replaced the previous Murray Darling Commission and provided the Commonwealth with a closer link to water reform for the region. In the history of the cooperative federalism in Australia this was another milestone. By creating an independent statutory authority the basin states were clear on the roles and responsibilities of water management for the region. The suggestions at the time that the Commonwealth should take total control over the Murray-Darling Basin were constitutionally impossible and environmentally short-sighted. Federalism cant make it rain. If the Commonwealth had been running the Murray-Darling before the drought the basin would still be in dire straits (Wanna 2009). However although the Murray Darling Basin Authority operates as a statutory authority it reports directly to the Commonwealth through the Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. The relationship is another step toward Commonwealth control without Constitutional reform. From Now to Where? We have seen that through cooperative federalism MDB management has enabled significant long-term investment on a national scale. The MDB case study emphasises how cross boarder agreements can succeed in supporting the needs of three levels of government and local communities. We have also seen how the financial arrangements for MDB reform have sidestepped major federation fiscal issues that engulf national issues within education and health. Finally the case study has highlighted the importance of COAG and how, when performing at its best COAG can provide leadership, facilitate long-term national change and supporting varying regional priorities. Whilst the Australian federation has moved forward and in part failed to develop (Twoomey and Withers 2007) the MDB has remained a central focus for basin states, local governments and communities alike. Ongoing wrangling over water allocations will continue and serious droughts may well occur again, however, clearly defined roles and responsibilities provide a solid foundation upon which the Murray Darling Basin Authority now operates. Through cooperative federalism, pragmatic leadership and simplified investment the future of the Murray Darling Basin is more assured than at any time in its history.

Environmental Disasters Essay

For the purpose of this article an environmental disaster is defined as a specific event caused by human activity that results in a seriously negative effect on the environment. Sometimes a natural disaster can become an environmental disaster, but that is a topic to be discussed elsewhere. In most cases environmental disasters are caused by human error, accident, lack of foresight, corner cutting during industrial processes, greed, or by simple incompetence. In other words without some kind of human intervention they would never have happened. They are also often characterised by firm authoritative denials that anything serious has even happened. Lack of foresight is a common cause of an environmental disaster. In agriculture a classic example of is the increasing salinity of soils in hot climates. With the need to produce more food, a warm climate seems ideal for European-style agriculture, once the existing vegetation has been cleared. The one proviso is that there must be plenty of water. Irrigation projects and deep wells are usually the answer, but as has been found in Australia, if this is not properly managed, salination can result and the land becomes effectively useless. A further example of a catastrophic and misguided interference with nature resulted in the dust bowls that hit North America in the 1930s. The fertile soil seemed ideal for intensive agriculture, but a combination of deep ploughing and a lack of crop rotation weakened the soil structure. Following years of drought, high winds simply removed all the topsoil and millions of acres of once fertile farmland became a virtual desert. Another unforeseen agricultural disaster was Moa Zedong’s 1958 decree to eliminate sparrows. It was considered that because sparrows ate grain seeds they were robbing the people of the fruits of their labour. The campaign was very successful that it cleared the way for swarms of locusts to descend on the farms. Crops were decimated, leading to a famine that resulted in the deaths of 38 million people. Introducing alien species can be just as disastrous as eliminating native ones. This has been the case in Australia when in 1859 12 imported English wild rabbits were released so that a local settler could go hunting. In the course of time they multiplied and it is estimated that even after serious efforts to control them, the Australian rabbit populations is still between 200 and 300 million. As well as being responsible for the loss of vast acreages of agricultural crops and grazing land, rabbits are suspected of being the most significant known factor in species loss in Australia, killing young trees by eating the bark at the base of the trunk. They are also responsible for serious erosion as they eat native plants, leaving the topsoil exposed. It is very easy to upset the fragile balance of nature. In June 1918 a steamship ran aground on a Pacific Island and while it was stranded, Black Rats escaped and got ashore. Here they thrived, causing the extinction of several of the island’s endemic birds and other fauna. They also raided the crops of the islanders, particularly the seeds of the Kentia Palm, which was the islanders’ only export commodity. In an effort to control the rats, Masked Owls were introduced but this simply compounded the environmental disaster. By introducing yet another predator to the ecosystem, the result was that many of the remaining sea birds were simply wiped out as breeding species. Industrial pollution has been the cause of so many environmental disasters that it is impossible to list them all. One of the most serious was the Bhopal disaster of December 1984 when a leak of methyl isocyanate resulted in at least 22,000 deaths plus various genetic diseases that will continue for generations. The chief causes of this disaster were negligence, corruption and the complete disregard of safety standards. A number of environmental disasters have also been associated with the oil production industry with theDeepwater Horizon disaster of April 2010 being the most recent one that comes to mind. According to White House energy adviser Carol Browner the spill was the †worst environmental disaster the US has faced†. In this case following a sudden explosion on a drilling rig in the Gulf of Mexico, the safety valve that was designed to prevent an oil spill spectacularly failed. It was months before the leakage was sealed, during which time millions of gallons of oil poured into the sea. The resulting pollution was not just from the oil, but from the chemicals used to disperse it. Whole ecosystemswere destroyed along with the livelihoods of countless people. Many endangered species are not expected torecover. In West Africa the Niger Delta covers 20,000 km2 within wetlands of 70,000 km2, formed primarily by sediment deposition. It is home to some 20 million people from 40 different ethnic groups. Its floodplain makes up 7. 5% of Nigeria’s total land mass and is the third-largest drainage basin in Africa. Its ecosystem contains one of the highest concentrations of biodiversity on the planet. In addition to supporting a vast range of flora and fauna, there is arable terrain that can sustain a wide variety of crops,tropical forests and more species of freshwater fish than any other ecosystem in West Africa. Unfortunately for the Niger Delta, oil was discovered in the region. Since drilling began in 1976 there has been a complete lack of concern by the Nigerian Government or the oil operators to exert any control of the environmental problems associated with the industry. The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation admits that every year as a result of around 300 individual spills, nearly 2,300 cubic metres of petroleum are jettisoned into the environment. However, this does not take account of so-called †minor† spills and one estimate put the total spillage between 1960 and 1997 as upwards of 100 million barrels (16 million cubic metres). A major reason for these spills is simply the result of poor maintenance. Pipelines are old and corroded and although they have an estimated lifespan of about 15 years, many have been in use for about 25. Leaking pipes and the use of old and corroded tankers account for 50% of all spills. Understandably there has been a major impact on the ecosystem. Enormous tracts of mangrove forest have been destroyed along with most of the flora and fauna that were once found there. The dumping of waste is obviously a serious issue and international regulations put strict controls on this. Unfortunately there will always be unscrupulous people who will try to get around the regulations. A classic example occurred in 2006 when a Panama-registered ship offloaded 500 tonnes of toxic waste at the Ivory Coast port of Abidjan. The company concerned apparently wanted to avoid paying the 1,000 euros per cubic metre disposal charge it would have to pay in Holland. The waste, that was dumped at 12 sites in and around the city was later discovered to contain a mixture of fuel, caustic soda and hydrogen sulphide. This lethal cocktail gave off toxic gas and caused burns to lungs and skin, in addition to severe headaches and vomiting and is said to have caused 17 deaths and made dozens seriously ill. The company involved originally denied all responsibility, claiming that the waste was simply dirty water. It was only after some investigative journalism by the BBC that the full facts eventually came to light. Nuclear accidents can have serious environmental effects. Prior to 2011 the 1986 Chernobyl disaster would probably have been regarded as the ost serious after an enormous explosion sent radioactive ash into the atmosphere covering most of Northern Europe, along with Belarus, Ukraine and Russia. 350,000 people had to be resettled. Then in 2011 came the Fukushima 1 accident in Japan when an earthquake followed by a tsunami hit the nuclear plant. The earthquake knocked out the public electricity supply that powered the pumping of water to cool the reactors. Shortly after the earthquake a tsuna mi destroyed the emergency back-up generators that were due to start up when the public electricity supply failed. It was then realised that the designers had failed to take this possibility into account. As a result a catastrophic situation developed and 14,000 people had to be evacuated from the immediate area. After several weeks a number of brave workers, struggling in appalling conditions, managed to bring the situation under control, but as with so many environmental disasters, once again official information was misleading, sketchy, or simply non-existent. An environmental disaster is usually caused by some form human action, or some form of human negligence. A classic example is with climate change. Vast amounts of greenhouse gas are currently being released into the Earth’s atmosphere, potentially doing untold harm to our environment by speeding up global warming. At the same time people are completely ignoring the warning signs and shutting their minds to the consequences that lie ahead. We don’t know what these consequences will be, but they are not likely to be pleasant. The world seems to be on course for what is likely to be the worst environmental disaster of all time. There is still time to slow the process down, but it will require swift and worldwide action.

Abortion Should Be Legal

Abortion is the deliberate ending of a pregnancy by removing the fetus from the mother's uterus and should only be carried out by trained medical personnel. Abortion was introduced at a very early age in society. I believe people should choose their own path and their own future, right down to abortions. I believe in choice. Pro-choice. People's lives and rights should not be interfered by the opinion of another. There are certain rights given to a person which cannot be removed or changed.This gives the choice-maker the right to live with his/her own decision without the guilt or disturbance of a third party. Live your own lives. A body belongs to one soul, giving one soul the rules and rights over it. People tend to forget that. As in an economy, when something is in demand, legal or not, people will sell and buy it. But what about those people who feel guilt over something that shouldn't pressure them? May it be abortion or not. Most people would like to live under the choices the y make without the world pushing them over or religions battering them with stones.With the evolving moral standards of society, abortions are becoming more and more justified. Abortions, the practice of removing a fertilized egg from a mother has become a controversial issue in American society, but should be generally supported because there are circumstances where the mother to be is unable to sustain a pregnancy safely. Young low income women and or girls who become mothers have grim prospects for the future and in the case of rape or incest, forcing a woman made pregnant by this violent act would cause further psychological harm to the victim.In, â€Å"The Cost of Choice†, the National Abortion Federation (NAF) and Planned Parenthood, among other pro-abortion advocacy groups and organizations, have formulated and published standards and guidelines for affiliated clinics and physicians. In fact, Planned Parenthood clinics, with few exceptions, must adhere to the operation al standards and protocols mandated by the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. State legislatures have obtained copies of these standards and protocols and have used them to formulate minimum health and safety standards for abortion care. Encounter Books, 2004. p 128. ) Those who are against legalizing abortion/pro-life believe that a fetus is a person and should be granted life just as every other living being on this earth. Imagine a mother and child falling into dangerous river rapids and a family member or bystander must decide who to save. It's a terrible decision that must be made. Regardless of the decision, one life will be lost and one saved. This situation differs so fundamentally from abortion on demand, which is to kill the unborn baby for convenience, as opposed to choosing which life will be saved.Pro-life activist / believers think that abortion is murder, and that life begins at conception. â€Å"In biology and in medicine, it is an accepted fact that the life of any individual organism reproducing by sexual reproduction begins at conception (fertilization). † â€Å"By all the criteria of modern molecular biology, life is present from the moment of conception. † â€Å"Human life begins at the time of conception. † â€Å"Human life begins when after the ovum is fertilized the new combined cell mass begins to divide. â€Å"The beginning of a single human life is from a biological point of view a simple and straightforward matter – the beginning is conception. †(Boonin, 2002, p. 21) Pro-choice believer think that Adoption is a viable alternative to abortion and accomplishes the same result, however statistics show that most women who carry a child do not give their child up for adoption. They might also believe that, an abortion can result in medical complications later in life; the risk of ectopic pregnancies double.Abortion for medical reasons where the mother's life is in jeopardy that should be left to the discretion of the mother, family, and doctor. It's true, the mother and the unborn baby are still two separate individuals/entities, but under these difficult circumstances, it's truly a personal decision for those directly involved. Abortion in cases of rape and/or incest should be treated the same as abortion for medical reasons. It should be up to the victim of the rape or incest what she wants to do in this rare and terrible situation.Some countries now with moderately restrictive laws permit abortions to protect a women's health, to end pregnancies resulting from rape or incest, to avoid genetic or other defects, or in response to social problems such as unmarried status or low income. Rape one of the top reasons why I believe that a woman should be able to have an abortion. Rape is the act of sexual intercourse with a woman without her consent or with a minor. Having a child resulting from the mother being rape causes many metal problems for the mother as the birth of the child could be a remembrance of what happen.Incest is sexual intercourse between people who are of blood relations this is one of the reasons why abortion should be legal. It is believed that 50% of all incest cases happen to children fewer than 17 years of age. It has also been stated that children who are conceived by incest are more likely to the possibly leading to mental retardation Birth defects are any abnormalities in the structure or function of the fetus. About twenty percent or more of malformed fetuses are aborted; the rest results in a newborn baby with a birth defect.Each type of birth defect is rare . All live births can cause increased percent of infant deaths in the period immediately after birth. Low income is when people have little or no money coming into the home. To care for a child is very expensive you need to buy pampers, milk, formula's, clothes, powder, cream, soap, towels, cribs and if u are working u need to pay for ah baby sitter. It takes an average o f $15000 a year to care of a child. There are now 1. 3 million surgical abortions per year in the United States. 0 The Alan Guttmacher Institute (the research arm of Planned Parenthood) reports that women have abortions for two primary reasons: lack of financial resources and lack of emotional support. .(Encounter Books, 2004. p 198. ) One needs to take into consideration the developmental stages of the fetal life span. Most abortions occur soon after the confirmation of pregnancy, (usually prior to 12 weeks gestation. ) The first twelve weeks is known as the first trimester or the embryonic phase. At this time the fetus is about 3-3. inches long having a weight of 15-20 grams. The neurological system is primitive at best, demonstrating only vague swimming motions. In the late 1880’s, The American Medical Association led the fight to criminalize all abortions. The campaign was a total success, with every state outlawing abortion. However, criminal prohibition did not stop wom en from obtaining illegal abortions, which sometimes resulted in severe medical problems. (Abortion, 2002, para. 8) I think this would cause more harm than good to make abortion illegal.Every woman should have the right to make that decision without the government getting involved. I do not recommend abortion as a birth-control method of choice. I merely state that it is a fact the most important single method of birth-control in the world today, and to cut down on population growth we should make abortion easy and safe while we continue to develop other and more â€Å"satisfactory† methods of family limitation. In addition to the 5 million women in the U. S. without access to birth-control for whom abortion would seem a mater of right when they want t, there are the uncounted thousands who after conception suffer some diseases of discover some defect which makes the birth of a live healthy baby unlikely, and the many, too, whose contraceptive methods occasionally do not work . Today abortion under modern hospital conditions is safer than childbirth. Instead of making abortion more difficult and dangerous for women, lawmakers should promote policies that reduce the need for abortion. Almost 50 percent of all pregnancies in this country are unintended, including over 30 percent within marriage.And over half of all unintended pregnancies end in abortion. In the Roe vs. Wade the Supreme Court ruled that a woman was allowed by the Constitution's 14th Amendment to receive an abortion before the first trimester. It now appeared that the pro-choice advocates had won the political tug-o-war at last. However, violence continues between the two groups as the animosity and resentment has grown to new heights. The most important part of reproductive rights is the principle that a woman has the right to decide whether and when to have a child.Religious beliefs, politics, incident of pregnancy, support, economy, long term consequences, such as regrets and depression, being able to take responsibility, and health issues are major factors that must be taken in consideration before resulting to abortion. For any pregnant woman, making a decision to abort her child is painful and ruthless, but under certain situation such as rape, young age and financial reasons, a woman should have the right to choose to terminate her pregnancy if she chooses to do so by aborting her unborn child.

The Ratification Of The Us National Constitution - 3020 Words

There are several watersheds in the history of United States, of which have all shaped the future of the country in a way they may have never imagined. This paper will focus on the discussion on the following three topics: The ratification of the constitution in 1787 limits the democratic freedoms that American citizens had gained right after the Revolutionary War; the New Deal Coalition and policies formed by the President Franklin Roosevelt (FDR) that prevents the country from becoming a socialist stave and saves the democratic and capitalist system; and the G.I Bill compensated the war veterans leading to the emergence of the American middle class. Limitation on Democracy: The ratification of the US national constitution was the political response of the founding fathers of the nation to the excessive democracy that have been witnessed in the nation after the revolution. The revolutionary war in 1775 was waged by the American colonists against the British. The war was originally about fighting for rights that people believed they were already entitled to. The revolutionary war helped to spread out the democratic ideals. As a result, at the end of the war, people were entitled to numerous rights and the liberty they desired. By 1786, due to excessive rights and freedom assigned to people, chaos raised due to the inability of the national government to maintain law and order . The freedoms that the revolution was seeking to reserve directly resulted the creation of aShow MoreRelatedDbq Essay651 Words   |  3 PagesDBQ Essay-Ratification of the Constitution: The Federalists’ Stance The ratification of the constitution was a process which was very controversial and tedious. The people chose sides because they were undereducated about the constitution and were easily influenced. 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